publications

2025

1. 

   Agency, desire, and the conceptual representation of consent

   Lucı́a Garzón, Jorge Suárez, and Ivar R Hannikainen

   Cognition, 2025

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2. Integration gaps persist despite immigrants’ value assimilation: evidence from the European Social Survey

   Jorge Suárez, and Ivar R Hannikainen

   Frontiers in Sociology, 2025

   HTML PDF

   

2024

1. Legal provisions on medical aid in dying encode moral intuition

   Ivar R Hannikainen, Jorge Suárez, Luis Espericueta, Maite Menéndez-Ferreras, and David Rodrı́guez-Arias

   Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2024

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2. 

   Self-Deception: A case study in folk conceptual structure

   Carme Isern-Mas, and Ivar R Hannikainen

   Review of Philosophy and Psychology, 2024

   HTML PDF

   
3. Does Moral Valence Influence the Construal of Alternative Possibilities?

   Neele Engelmann, and Ivar R Hannikainen

   Possibility Studies & Society, 2024

   in press
4. Strong bipartisan support for controlled psilocybin use as treatment or enhancement in a representative sample of US Americans: need for caution in public policy persists

   Julian D Sandbrink, Kyle Johnson, Maureen Gill, David B Yaden, Julian Savulescu, Ivar R Hannikainen, and Brian D Earp

   AJOB Neuroscience, 2024
5. Advance Medical Decision-Making Differs Across First-and Third-Person Perspectives

   James Toomey, Jonathan Lewis, Ivar Hannikainen, and Brian Earp

   AJOB Empirical Bioethics, 2024

2023

1. The experimental jurisprudence of the concept of rule: Implications for the Hart-Fuller debate

   Guilherme Almeida, Noel Struchiner, and Ivar R Hannikainen

   In Advances in Experimental Philosophy of Law , 2023
2. Cognition

   Rule is a dual character concept

   Guilherme Almeida, Noel Struchiner, and Ivar R Hannikainen

   Cognition, 2023

   PDF

   
3. LHB

   Moral appraisals guide intuitive legal determinations

   Brian Flanagan, Guilherme Almeida, Noel Struchiner, and Ivar R Hannikainen

   Law and Human Behavior, 2023

   Abs PDF

   Objectives: We sought to understand how basic competencies in moral reasoning influence the application of private, institutional, and legal rules. Hypotheses: We predicted that moral appraisals, implicating both outcome-based and mental state reasoning, would shape participants’ interpretation of rules and statutes—and asked whether these effects arise differentially under intuitive and reflective reasoning conditions. Method: In six vignette-based experiments (total N = 2,473; 293 university law students [67% women; age bracket mode: 18–22 years] and 2,180 online workers [60% women; mean age = 31.9 years]), participants considered a wide range of written rules and laws and determined whether a protagonist had violated the rule in question. We manipulated morally relevant aspects of each incident—including the valence of the rule’s purpose (Study 1) and of the outcomes that ensued (Studies 2 and 3), as well as the protagonist’s accompanying mental state (Studies 5 and 6). In two studies, we simultaneously varied whether participants decided under time pressure or following a forced delay (Studies 4 and 6). Results: Moral appraisals of the rule’s purpose, the agent’s extraneous blameworthiness, and the agent’s epistemic state impacted legal determinations and helped to explain participants’ departure from rules’ literal interpretation. Counter-literal verdicts were stronger under time pressure and were weakened by the opportunity to reflect. Conclusions: Under intuitive reasoning conditions, legal determinations draw on core competencies in moral cognition, such as outcome-based and mental state reasoning. In turn, cognitive reflection dampens these effects on statutory interpretation, allowing text to play a more influential role.

4. Normality and the Treatment-Enhancement Distinction

   Daniel Martı́n, Jon Rueda, Brian D Earp, and Ivar R Hannikainen

   Neuroethics, 2023
5. Cognitive Science

   The Relative Importance of Target and Judge Characteristics in Shaping the Moral Circle

   Bernhard Jaeger, and Matti Wilks

   Cognitive Science, 2023

   Bib

   @article{jaeger2023relative,
     title = {The Relative Importance of Target and Judge Characteristics in Shaping the Moral Circle},
     author = {Jaeger, Bernhard and Wilks, Matti},
     journal = {Cognitive Science},
     volume = {47},
     number = {10},
     pages = {e13362},
     year = {2023},
     publisher = {Wiley},
     doi = {10.1111/cogs.13362}
   }

2022

1. Coordination and expertise foster legal textualism

   Ivar R Hannikainen, Kevin P Tobia, Guilherme da FCF Almeida, Noel Struchiner, Markus Kneer, Piotr Bystranowski, Vilius Dranseika, Niek Strohmaier, Samantha Bensinger, Kristina Dolinina, Bartosz Janik, Eglė Lauraitytė, Michael Laakasuo, Alice Liefgreen, Ivars Neiders, Maciej Próchnicki, Alejandro Rosas, Jukka Sundvall, and Tomasz Żuradzki

   Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2022

   HTML PDF

   
2. Trolleys, triage and Covid-19: The role of psychological realism in sacrificial dilemmas

   Markus Kneer, and Ivar R Hannikainen

   Cognition and Emotion, 2022
3. The folk concept of law: Law is intrinsically moral

   Brian Flanagan, and Ivar R Hannikainen

   Australasian Journal of Philosophy, 2022
4. Whose words hurt? Contextual determinants of offensive speech

   Manuel Almagro, Ivar R Hannikainen, and Neftalı́ Villanueva

   Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 2022

   
5. New findings on unconsented intimate exams suggest racial bias and gender parity

   Lori Bruce, Ivar R Hannikainen, and Brian D Earp

   Hastings Center Report, 2022
6. The typicality effect in basic needs

   Thomas Pölzler, and Ivar R Hannikainen

   Synthese, 2022
7. PNAS

   Coordination and expertise foster legal textualism

   I. R. Hannikainen, K. P. Tobia, G. D. F. C. F. De Almeida, N. Struchiner, M. Kneer, P. Bystranowski, V. Dranseika, N. Strohmaier, S. Bensinger, K. Dolinina, B. Janik, E. Lauraitytė, M. Laakasuo, A. Liefgreen, I. Neiders, M. Próchnicki, A. Rosas, J. Sundvall, and T. Żuradzki

   Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2022

   Bib

   @article{hannikainen2022coordination,
     title = {Coordination and expertise foster legal textualism},
     author = {Hannikainen, I. R. and Tobia, K. P. and De Almeida, G. D. F. C. F. and Struchiner, N. and Kneer, M. and Bystranowski, P. and Dranseika, V. and Strohmaier, N. and Bensinger, S. and Dolinina, K. and Janik, B. and Lauraitytė, E. and Laakasuo, M. and Liefgreen, A. and Neiders, I. and Próchnicki, M. and Rosas, A. and Sundvall, J. and Żuradzki, T.},
     journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},
     volume = {119},
     number = {44},
     pages = {e2206531119},
     year = {2022},
     doi = {10.1073/pnas.2206531119}
   }

2021

1. How pills undermine skills: Moralization of cognitive enhancement and causal selection

   Emilian Mihailov, Blanca Rodrı́guez López, Florian Cova, and Ivar R Hannikainen

   Consciousness and Cognition, 2021
2. Are there cross-cultural legal principles? Modal reasoning uncovers procedural constraints on law

   Ivar R Hannikainen, Kevin P Tobia, Guilherme da FCF De Almeida, Raff Donelson, Vilius Dranseika, Markus Kneer, Niek Strohmaier, Piotr Bystranowski, Kristina Dolinina, Bartosz Janik, and  others

   Cognitive Science, 2021
3. Experimental philosophical bioethics and normative inference

   Brian D Earp, Jonathan Lewis, Vilius Dranseika, and Ivar R Hannikainen

   Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics, 2021
4. Cognitive Science

   Tree‐Huggers Versus Human‐Lovers: Anthropomorphism and Dehumanization Predict Valuing Nature Over Outgroups

   Joshua Rottman, Christopher R. Crimston, and Stylianos Syropoulos

   Cognitive Science, 2021

   Bib

   @article{rottman2021tree,
     title = {Tree‐Huggers Versus Human‐Lovers: Anthropomorphism and Dehumanization Predict Valuing Nature Over Outgroups},
     author = {Rottman, Joshua and Crimston, Christopher R. and Syropoulos, Stylianos},
     journal = {Cognitive Science},
     volume = {45},
     number = {4},
     pages = {e12967},
     year = {2021},
     publisher = {Wiley},
     doi = {10.1111/cogs.12967}
   }

2020

1. An experimental guide to vehicles in the park

   Noel Struchiner, Ivar R Hannikainen, and Guilherme da FCF Almeida

   Judgment and Decision Making, 2020

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2. How do people use ‘killing’, ‘letting die’ and related bioethical concepts? Contrasting descriptive and normative hypotheses

   David Rodrı́guez-Arias, Blanca Rodriguez Lopez, Anibal Monasterio-Astobiza, and Ivar R Hannikainen

   Bioethics, 2020

   HTML PDF
3. Legal decision-making and the abstract/concrete paradox

   Noel Struchiner, Guilherme da FCF De Almeida, and Ivar R Hannikainen

   Cognition, 2020
4. Moral migration: Desires to become more empathic predict changes in moral foundations

   Ivar R Hannikainen, Nathan W Hudson, William J Chopik, Daniel A Briley, and Jaime Derringer

   Journal of Research in Personality, 2020
5. RPP

   Normality: A Two-Faced Concept

   T. Wysocki

   Review of Philosophy and Psychology, 2020

   Bib

   @article{wysocki2020normality,
     title = {Normality: A Two-Faced Concept},
     author = {Wysocki, T.},
     journal = {Review of Philosophy and Psychology},
     volume = {11},
     number = {4},
     pages = {689--716},
     year = {2020},
     doi = {10.1007/s13164-020-00463-z}
   }

2019

1. Ideology between the lines: Lay inferences about scientists’ values and motives

   Ivar R Hannikainen

   Social Psychological and Personality Science, 2019
2. The dual nature of partisan prejudice: Morality and identity in a multiparty system

   Hugo Viciana, Ivar R Hannikainen, and Antonio Gaitan Torres

   PloS one, 2019
3. Gender stereotypes underlie child custody decisions

   Luiza Lopes Franco Costa, Ana Beatriz Dillon Esteves, Roxana Kreimer, Noel Struchiner, and Ivar Hannikainen

   European Journal of Social Psychology, 2019
4. For whom does determinism undermine moral responsibility? Surveying the conditions for free will across cultures

   Ivar R Hannikainen, Edouard Machery, David Rose, Stephen Stich, Christopher Y Olivola, Paulo Sousa, Florian Cova, Emma E Buchtel, Mario Alai, Adriano Angelucci, and  others

   Frontiers in Psychology, 2019

   
5. Rationalization and reflection differentially modulate prior attitudes toward the purity domain

   Ivar R Hannikainen, and Alejandro Rosas

   Cognitive Science, 2019
6. Scientific Reports

   Empathy and Compassion Toward Other Species Decrease with Evolutionary Divergence Time

   Aurélien Miralles, Michel Raymond, and Guillaume Lecointre

   Scientific Reports, 2019

   Bib

   @article{miralles2019empathy,
     title = {Empathy and Compassion Toward Other Species Decrease with Evolutionary Divergence Time},
     author = {Miralles, Aur{\'e}lien and Raymond, Michel and Lecointre, Guillaume},
     journal = {Scientific Reports},
     volume = {9},
     number = {1},
     pages = {19555},
     year = {2019},
     publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
     doi = {10.1038/s41598-019-56006-9}
   }

2018

1. 

   Is utilitarian sacrifice becoming more morally permissible?

   Ivar R Hannikainen, Edouard Machery, and Fiery A Cushman

   Cognition, 2018

   HTML PDF

   
2. SSRN

   Reasonableness as Normality

   K. P. Tobia

   SSRN Electronic Journal, 2018

   Bib

   @article{tobia2018reasonableness,
     title = {Reasonableness as Normality},
     author = {Tobia, K. P.},
     journal = {SSRN Electronic Journal},
     year = {2018},
     doi = {10.2139/ssrn.3108236}
   }

2017

1. A deterministic worldview promotes approval of state paternalism

   Ivar Hannikainen, Gabriel Cabral, Edouard Machery, and Noel Struchiner

   Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 2017
2. Act versus Impact: Conservatives and liberals exhibit different structural emphases in moral judgment

   Ivar R Hannikainen, Ryan M Miller, and Fiery A Cushman

   Ratio, 2017

   
3. Cognition

   Normality: Part descriptive, part prescriptive

   A. Bear, and J. Knobe

   Cognition, 2017

   Bib

   @article{bear2017normality,
     title = {Normality: Part descriptive, part prescriptive},
     author = {Bear, A. and Knobe, J.},
     journal = {Cognition},
     volume = {167},
     pages = {25--37},
     year = {2017},
     doi = {10.1016/j.cognition.2016.10.024}
   }

2016

1. JPSP

   Moral Expansiveness: Examining Variability in the Extension of the Moral World

   Christopher R. Crimston, Paul G. Bain, Matthew J. Hornsey, and Brock Bastian

   Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2016

   Bib

   @article{crimston2016moral,
     title = {Moral Expansiveness: Examining Variability in the Extension of the Moral World},
     author = {Crimston, Christopher R. and Bain, Paul G. and Hornsey, Matthew J. and Bastian, Brock},
     journal = {Journal of Personality and Social Psychology},
     volume = {111},
     number = {4},
     pages = {636--653},
     year = {2016},
     publisher = {American Psychological Association},
     doi = {10.1037/pspp0000086}
   }

2014

1. Bad actions or bad outcomes? Differentiating affective contributions to the moral condemnation of harm

   Ryan M Miller, Ivar R Hannikainen, and Fiery A Cushman

   Emotion, 2014

   PDF

   

2011

1. Princeton

   The Expanding Circle: Ethics, Evolution and Moral Progress

   Peter Singer

   2011

   Bib

   @book{singer2011expanding,
     title = {The Expanding Circle: Ethics, Evolution and Moral Progress},
     author = {Singer, Peter},
     year = {2011},
     edition = {1st Princeton University Press paperback ed. with new preface and afterword},
     publisher = {Princeton University Press}
   }

2009

1. Springer

   Reasonableness and Law

   2009

   Bib

   @book{bongiovanni2009reasonableness,
     title = {Reasonableness and Law},
     editor = {Bongiovanni, G. and Sartor, G. and Valentini, C.},
     volume = {86},
     year = {2009},
     publisher = {Springer Netherlands},
     doi = {10.1007/978-1-4020-8500-0}
   }

2001

1. UTLJ

   The Mysterious Case of the Reasonable Person

   J. Gardner, and A. Ripstein

   The University of Toronto Law Journal, 2001

   Bib

   @article{gardner2001mysterious,
     title = {The Mysterious Case of the Reasonable Person},
     author = {Gardner, J. and Ripstein, A.},
     journal = {The University of Toronto Law Journal},
     volume = {51},
     number = {3},
     pages = {273--295},
     year = {2001},
     doi = {10.2307/825941}
   }

1881

1. CommonLaw

   The Common Law

   Oliver Wendell Holmes

   1881

   Bib

   @book{holmes1881commonlaw,
     title = {The Common Law},
     author = {Holmes, Oliver Wendell},
     year = {1881},
     publisher = {Little, Brown, and Company}
   }